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为了有针对性地开展小学生交通安全教育,采用行为观测方法研究了上海市小学生的交通行为特征。采用视频观测小学生过街,对行为特征进行编码,利用数理统计分析方法研究行为特征规律。研究发现整体上小学生安全过街行为表现很差,在路边正确位置等待和正确左右观看两方面表现尤为欠缺。研究特别对小学生过街行人组合(一人、结伴、家长陪同)、路口过街方式(一次过街2、次过街)和性别对其交通行为的影响进行了分析,发现过街行人组合显著影响等待位置、是否闯红灯、是否正确左右观看,路口过街方式显著影响等待位置、是否闯红灯、是否正确左右观看、有无不良交通行为,小学生的性别对过街时的交通行为无显著影响。因此对小学生进行交通安全教育是十分必要的,需要针对小学生交通行为特征开展有针对性的安全教育。
In order to carry out the traffic safety education for primary school students, behavioral observation method was used to study the traffic behavior characteristics of primary school students in Shanghai. Using video observation pupils crossing the street, coding behavioral characteristics, the use of mathematical statistical analysis of behavioral characteristics of law. The study found that pupils generally performed poorly in street safety behavior, especially in the areas of waiting for the right place on the curb and watching the right and left. In particular, the study analyzed the influence of primary pedestrian crossings (one person, accompanied by parents, accompanied by parents), the intersection of the street (one overpass 2, second overpass) and gender on their traffic behavior. The study found that pedestrian combinations across the street significantly affect the waiting position, , Right or left and right view, crossing the street significantly affect the waiting position, whether to run a red light, whether the correct viewing around, with or without bad traffic behavior, pupils’ gender had no significant impact on traffic behavior when crossing the street. Therefore, it is very necessary to carry out traffic safety education for primary school students. It is necessary to carry out targeted safety education for primary school students’ traffic behavior.