大约10到11世纪的古俄罗斯社会已经初现保险的相关规则。国家保险的雏形则出现在莫斯科公国中。火灾保险的出现,诞生了俄罗斯最早的商业保险。俄罗斯知识界对国家垄断保险业的批判从未间断。俄罗斯国内战争最终导致俄罗斯保险体系的崩溃。一、保险的起源与萌芽大约10到11世纪的古俄罗斯社会已经初现保险的相关规则。作为俄罗斯法条纪念碑的“俄罗斯真理”碑上,俄罗斯最早的保险规则便篆刻其上。法条中一个特别重要的规 Ancient Russian societies from the 10th and 11th centuries have already started the insurance-related rules. The prototype of state insurance appears in the Principality of Moscow. The emergence of fire insurance, the birth of Russia’s earliest commercial insurance. Russian intellectuals have never stopped criticizing state monopoly insurance. The Russian civil war eventually led to the collapse of the Russian insurance system. I. The Origin and Sprouting of Insurance The ancient Russian society of the 10th to 11th centuries had already started the relevant rules of insurance. As the Russian law monument “Russian truth ” monument, Russia’s first insurance rules will be carved thereon. A particularly important rule in the law