目的了解中国沿海、内陆和西部地区3～12岁儿童血浆维生素A营养状况。方法从2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查的6类地区中一、二、三、四类农村,88个调查点的儿童血样中,每个年龄段随机抽取男女血样各6份,利用高效液相色谱法测定血浆维生素A含量。结果中国农村沿海、内陆、西部3～12岁儿童血浆维生素A缺乏率分别为5.5%、15.4%和10.2%,边缘缺乏率分别为40.5%、53.8%和50.1%。牧区和非牧区3～12岁儿童血浆维生素A缺乏率分别为5.1%、11.7%,边缘缺乏率分别为45.4%、51.5%。结论中国3～12岁儿童血浆维生素A缺乏在农村沿海、内陆和西部具有显著差异,在牧区与非牧区也具有显著差异。 Objective To understand the nutritional status of plasma vitamin A in children aged 3 ~ 12 years in China’s coastal, inland and western regions. Methods A total of 6 blood samples were collected from children aged 1, 2, 3 and 4 in 88 rural areas in each of the six surveyed areas in China in 2002 for nutrition and health status. Determination of Plasma Vitamin A by Phase Chromatography. Results The plasma vitamin A deficiency rates of children aged 3 to 12 years in rural, inland and western China were 5.5%, 15.4% and 10.2%, respectively. The incidence of borderline deficiency was 40.5%, 53.8% and 50.1% respectively. The plasma vitamin A deficiency rates in children aged 3 ~ 12 years old in pastoral areas and non-pastoral areas were 5.1% and 11.7%, respectively, and the marginal lack rates were 45.4% and 51.5% respectively. Conclusions The plasma vitamin A deficiency in children aged 3 ~ 12 years in China is significantly different in the coastal, inland and western areas of China, but also in the pastoral areas and non-pastoral areas.