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利用超声喷丸技术在 ２０低碳钢上制备出具有纳米晶体结构特征的表面层，利用 Ｘ射线衍射及电镜分析研究了表面纳米层的微观组织结构特征结果表明，经超声喷丸处理可使样品表层晶粒细化至纳米量级表层晶粒尺寸约为 １０ ｕｍ，微观应变为０．０２％－０．０４％．表面纳米层厚度约为１０μｍ．另外，样品表层亚稳相 Ｆｅ３Ｃ发生分解，形成纳米尺寸的石墨相和α－Ｆｅ相．
The surface layer with nanocrystalline structure was prepared on 20 mild steel by ultrasonic peening technique. The microstructure of the nanostructured nanostructures was characterized by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. The results show that the sample can be processed by ultrasonic peening, Surface grain refinement to nanometer scale surface grain size of about 10 um, micro strain of 0.02% -0.04%. Surface nanometer layer thickness is about 10μm. In addition, the metastable phase of sample Fe3C surface decomposition occurs, the formation of nano-size graphite phase and α-Fe phase.