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贵州“黔剧”是在贵州扬琴的基础上发展而来,经历了从打洋琴、贵州弹词、文琴戏、黔剧的一系列历史变迁。从原来没有装扮的坐唱到有装扮有角色的乐队伴奏的舞台表演,是从曲艺艺术形式向戏曲艺术形式的过渡和转型。但近年来,在现代强势文化的冲击下,黔剧的发展开始进入低潮时期,甚至面临着传承上的巨大挑战。本文重点阐述黔剧的发展演变和对黔剧发展的思考,以期能对黔剧的保护和传承起到一些正本溯源的作用。
Guizhou “Guizhou Opera ” was developed on the basis of the dulcimer in Guizhou and experienced a series of historical changes ranging from playing the dulcimer, Guizhou’s Tanci, Wenqin opera and Qian opera. It is a transition from a folk art form to a traditional opera art form, from the original singing without singing to the performing with accompaniment of a band with characters. However, in recent years, with the impact of modern strong culture, the development of the Qia drama has begun to enter a low ebb period, and even faces the great challenge of inheritance. This article focuses on the development and evolution of Qian opera and its thinking on the development of Qia drama in order to play some originating role in the protection and inheritance of Qia drama.