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就对自我概念的理解而言,精神分析学派大致可以分为:古典时期、自我心理学时期和结构主义时期。在这三个阶段的发展中,自我概念经历了从配角到中心再到被解构的命运。在弗洛伊德的古典精神分析理论中,自我的形成依赖于“认同”和“自恋”两种机制,而结构主义精神分析代表人物拉康的“镜像阶段”理论对“认同机制”和“自恋机制”有直接的理论继承。精神分析学派中“自我”概念从古典的弗洛伊德时期到结构主义的拉康时代的理论内涵变化是20世纪60年代西方思想史上从现代主义到后现代主义理论变迁的一个缩影。
As far as the understanding of self-concept is concerned, the psychoanalysis schools can be roughly divided into the classical period, the period of self-psychology and the period of structuralism. In the development of these three stages, the concept of self has undergone a fate from the supporting role to the center to being deconstructed. In Freud’s classical theory of psychoanalysis, the formation of self relies on two mechanisms, “identity ” and “narcissism ”, whereas the structuralist psychoanalytic representative Lacan ’s “mirror stage ” theory There is a direct theoretical inheritance of “identity mechanism ” and “narcissistic mechanism ”. The concept of “self ” in the psychoanalysis school From the classical Freudian period to the structuralist Lacan era, the theoretical connotation change is a microcosm of the vicissitudes of modernism and postmodernism in the history of western thought in the 1960s.