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地方制度主要由宪法第三十条确立,然而现实中若干地方制度与宪法文本产生了偏离,存在超越宪法文本或欠缺宪法依据的现象。随着社会物质条件的演变,原有的地方制度立法基础产生了变化,一些新的改革模式亟需宪法确认。当前有必要对宪法第三十条进行全面梳理,探索理论与实践产生冲突的根源,为二者的契合指明方向。必须统一规划形成法治化的地方制度变革模式,适时制定《地方制度法》规范实践中各项制度,以合宪性为原则化解文本与实践的冲突。
The local system is mainly established by Article 30 of the Constitution, however, in reality, some local systems deviate from the text of the Constitution and exist beyond the text of the constitution or lack of constitutional basis. With the evolution of the social material conditions, the original legislation basis for local institutions has changed. Some new reform models urgently need constitutional confirmation. At present, it is necessary to make a comprehensive review of Article 30 of the Constitution to explore the root causes of the conflict between theory and practice and to point out the direction of the agreement. We must unify the planning to form a legal system of local institutional change model, make “Local System Law” in a timely manner to standardize the system in practice, with the constitutionality as the principle to resolve the conflict between the text and practice.