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1853年,太平天国定都天京后,不久即分兵西征,开辟上游战场。从此,皖、赣、鄂三省成为太平天国的主要战区之一,太平军与湘军在广阔的水陆战场上相峙角逐,进行了持续十年之久的血战。而1853—1856年西征则奠定了往后6年上游战场基本战争格局。本文试图对西征初期战略问题作一探讨,剖析其阶段性演变,以再现战略指挥不断升级的动态发展进程。
In 1853, after the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom was capitalized in Beijing, it was not too long before the troops were expeditionary and opened up the upper battlefield. Since then, the three provinces of Anhui, Jiangxi and Hubei have become one of the major theater areas of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. The Taiping and Xiang troops compete against each other in the vast water and land battlefields and carry out a bloody war lasting for 10 years. The Western Expedition of 1853-1856 laid the basic war pattern of the battlefield in the upper reaches of the next six years. This article tries to discuss the initial strategic issues of Western Expedition and analyze its stage evolution in order to reproduce the dynamic development of strategic escalation.