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甜菊(Stevia rebaudiana)是菊科泽兰族植物,野生于巴拉圭。甜菊叶含甜味成分,主要的一种是斯替维(Stevioside-蜡菊烯型二萜甙);其它含量高的尚有甜菊甙-A(Rebaudioside A);几种低含量的是:甜菊甙-C(二卫矛甙B),甜菊甙-D,甜菊甙-E和卫矛甙A。由于甜菊可作为天然甜味料的一种新来源,已引起特殊注意。又因从菊科特别是从泽兰族植物中分离到许多细胞毒和抗白血病物质,促使作者等对甜菊叶进行化学的研究。除了甜味的甙类外,还确证了这种可作为食物的粗制品的安全性。甜菊干叶甲醇浸出物的醚溶性成分经柱层析,得到三种结晶性化合物(1),(2)和(3)。化合物(1)经NMR、旋光率和熔点测定,证明与
Stevia rebaudiana is a Zea Zebra plant that is wild in Paraguay. Stevia contains the sweet component, the main one is Stevioside (Stevioside-choleretic diterpene glycosides); other high levels of stevioside-A (Rebaudioside A); several low levels are: Stevia Glycoside-C (dauphungoside B), stevioside-D, stevioside-E and glycoside A. Stevia has attracted particular attention as a new source of natural sweeteners. Because of Compositae, especially from Zeeland plants isolated from many cytotoxic and anti-leukemic substances, prompted the author of stevia leaves chemical research. In addition to the sweet glycosides, the safety of this crude product, which can be used as food, is confirmed. The ether soluble constituents of methanol extract of Stevia rebaudiana were separated by column chromatography to obtain three crystalline compounds (1), (2) and (3). Compound (1) by NMR, optical rotation and melting point determination, and