一般说来,文言文中,实词有比较实在的词汇意义,虚词或有或没有,但虚词肯定有语法意义。《高中语文课程标准》附录一《常见文言词》列出了15个文言虚词:而、乎、其、且、所、为、焉、也、以、因、于、与、则、者、之。高中阶段我们需要掌握这些虚词的常见用法。从近几年全国各地的高考语文试卷来看,不是所有试卷都单设考题对虚词进行考查。从上一 In general, in classical Chinese, the real words have a more substantive sense of the word, with or without function words, but the function words must have grammatical significance. “Standard Chinese Language Curriculum” appendix a “Common Classical Words” lists 15 classical words: and, almost, and, and for, as, as, because, with, then, who . We need to master the common usage of these function words in high school. From the examination papers of the college entrance examination all over the country in recent years, not all test papers have a single exam to examine the function words. From the previous one