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由于公路隧道是一种特殊的构筑物,一旦洞内发生火灾,烟雾便会迅速充满整个隧道,对隧道主体工程和人身危害特别大,因此及时发现火灾,制止火灾扩大,防止造成严重后果是火灾检测与报警系统的目的,也是公路隧道监控系统中最重要的部分之一。燃烧是一种伴有烟、光、温升和扩散辐射的综合现象,需要不同传感器检测和捕捉这些信息。为了检测隧道的中火灾信息,通常会选用温度传感器、气敏传感器和感烟传感器等多种传感器,应用多个传感器可以提高火灾探测和预报的及时性,往往也出现火灾误报警率高的问题。在有些情况下,仅靠增加传感器的数量来提高系统的准确性和可靠性是不够的,最好的办法是让系统能克服某单一传感器的错误判断,综合多个传感器的信息作出快速准确的判断,即系统应具有一定的完整性和容错能力。为此,根据火灾监控系统的特点,可以采用信息融合的方法,对不同类型的传感信息进行融合处理,以提高系统效能。
As the tunnel is a special type of structure, if a fire occurs in the tunnel, the smoke quickly fills up the tunnel and causes great damage to the tunnel main body and the human body. Therefore, a fire is detected to prevent the fire from expanding and the serious consequence is to prevent the fire from being detected The purpose of the alarm system is also one of the most important parts of the highway tunnel monitoring system. Combustion is a combination of smoke, light, temperature rise and diffuse radiation that requires different sensors to detect and capture this information. In order to detect medium-fire tunnel information, temperature sensors, gas sensors and smoke sensors are usually selected. Using multiple sensors can improve the timeliness of fire detection and forecasting, and often lead to the problem of high false alarm rate of fire . In some cases, increasing the number of sensors to increase the accuracy and reliability of the system is not enough. The best solution is to make the system overcome the error of a single sensor and synthesize the information of multiple sensors to make fast and accurate Judge that the system should have a certain integrity and fault tolerance. To this end, according to the characteristics of fire monitoring system, information fusion method can be used to fuse different types of sensor information to improve system performance.