企业的产权制度与经营效益之间存在关联。自清末至民国,烈山煤矿在50年间的发展历程中,产权组织形式先后有商办、官办、官商合办等形式,其经营成效亦随之沉伏。清末时期烈山矿步入近代开采阶段,商股股本不大,产量不多。北洋时期该矿在倪氏家族控股后获得快速发展,盈利较多。南京国民政府宣布收归官办后,产权一直界定不清,官股商股利益交织冲突,造成权责不明,人事更迭频繁,加上外在环境恶化,烈山矿由一时的鼎盛走向欠债停工。通过烈山矿个案分析可以得出,由于企业内外生存条件复杂,单纯的商办、官办还是官商合办,都难能有效组织生产,具有官僚背景或支撑的私人投资商办,是推动近代矿业发展的一条有效途径,这无疑也折射出近代企业现代化之路并不平坦的一面。 There is a relationship between enterprise property rights system and operating efficiency. Since the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, during the 50 years of the development of the Lieshan Coal Mine, the forms of the property rights organizations have successively been commercialized, government-run and jointly-run businesses, and their operational results have also become subdued. During the late Qing Dynasty, She Shan Mine stepped into a modern stage of mining, with small share capital and small output. During the Beiyang period, the mine enjoyed rapid growth after controlling for the Ni family and gained more profit. After the government announced that it was put under the control of the government, the property rights were not clearly defined and the interests of the commercial units were intertwined. As a result, power and responsibility were unclear and personnel changes were frequent. As the external environment deteriorated, . According to the case analysis of Foshan Mine, it can be concluded that due to the complex living conditions both inside and outside the enterprise and the simple commercial operation, government-run operation or joint operation of officials and businessmen, it is difficult to effectively organize the production, with private investment firms with bureaucratic background or support, An effective way of development, which undoubtedly reflects the modern enterprise modernization road is not flat side.