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人类的生活中存在着大量的隐喻,它作为一种重要的认知方式,在不同的语言中,必然兼有共性和个性。莱考夫根据隐喻的概念系统,把隐喻分为结构隐喻、方位(空间)隐喻、本体隐喻三类。认知语言学界普遍认为,在所有隐喻中,空间隐喻对人类的概念形成具有特殊的、重要的意义,因为多数抽象概念都是通过空间概念来表达和理解的。本文从认知的角度,通过描写与解释相结合以及对比分析的研究方法对汉英语里大量存在的空间隐喻进行对比分析,来考察汉英两种语言在空间关系的选择和表达形式方面以及对状态、时间、数量、社会关系等方面的空间隐喻化认知的异同,深入分析隐藏在其后的原因,以对期研究语义引申和第二语言习得教学中母语干扰问题有一定的启发。
There are a lot of metaphors in human life. As an important way of cognition, in different languages, there must be both commonness and individuality. According to the conceptual system of metaphor, Lakoff divides metaphor into structural metaphor, orientation metaphor and ontology metaphor. Cognitive linguistics generally believe that in all metaphors, spatial metaphor has a special and important meaning for the formation of human concept, because most of the abstract concepts are expressed and understood through the concept of space. This article attempts to make a contrastive analysis of the large number of spatial metaphors in Chinese and English from the perspective of cognition through a combination of description and explanation and comparative analysis to examine the choice and expression of spatial relations between Chinese and English languages, State, time, quantity, social relations and other aspects of metaphorical understanding of the similarities and differences, in-depth analysis of the reasons behind in order to extend the semantic research and second language acquisition of mother tongue interference in teaching a certain inspiration.