基于焊丝深熔模式的铝/铜激光熔钎焊工艺研究

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采用基于焊丝深熔模式的熔钎焊方法,进行了1060铝合金和T2紫铜异种金属的激光填丝焊工艺研究.利用高速摄像机观测焊丝熔化的过渡行为,采用光学显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、显微硬度仪及拉伸试验机对焊缝形貌、接头组织及性能进行表征.结果 表明,采用不同的坡口形式和尺寸,使激光束在坡口中的作用位置偏向铜侧,这有利于焊缝成形.熔钎焊接头成形良好,无咬边缺陷.接头拉伸强度可达铝母材的80%,接头断裂发生在界面层,断裂方式为脆性断裂.在焊缝界面层,存在笋状和胞状的铝/铜金属间化合物.XRD检测结果表明,金属间化合物由Al2Cu相和Al4Cu9相组成.界面层在铜侧钎焊区中部及下部分布均匀,厚度约为20μm.
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