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为了使火工解锁螺栓在分离过程中产生的分离冲击降到最小,对一种典型的火工解锁螺栓工作原理进行分析,确定了影响分离冲击的关键因素为分离部件的质量和起爆器装药量;并通过结构尺寸优化和起爆器装药小量化两种技术途径,分别使分离部件的质量从83g减小到17g,起爆器装药量从45mg减小到35mg。极限承载力与分离冲击试验结果表明:上述两种技术途径使火工解锁螺栓的分离冲量从1.667N·s降低到0.4N·s,分离冲击得到了大幅度降低。
In order to minimize the separation impact of the bolt, the working principle of a typical bolt is analyzed, and the key factors influencing the separation impact are the quality of the separated parts and the charge of the detonator The quality of the separated parts was reduced from 83g to 17g respectively by the structural size optimization and the initiator miniaturization. The detonator charge was reduced from 45mg to 35mg. The ultimate bearing capacity and the separation impact test results show that the above two technical approaches reduce the separation impulse of the fireman’s unlocking bolt from 1.667N · s to 0.4N · s, and the separation impact is greatly reduced.