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目的:对电子软性输尿管镜与纤维软性输尿管镜在泌尿外科手术中的应用情况进行对比分析，以便其发挥最优效能。方法:对广州医科大学附属第一医院微创外科中心手术室在2011年1月至2018年12月间购入的7条奥林巴斯软性输尿管镜的故障维修情况进行回顾性分析。同时，以同一时间、同一组医生开始使用的电子软性输尿管镜（URF-V1，SN：2240126）及纤维软性输尿管镜（URF-P5，SN：2344111）在手术过程中的使用效果、发生故障原因、部位及次数进行回顾性分析。其中，URF-V1（SN：2240126）共使用407台次，患者男277例、女130例，平均年龄为48.93岁；URF-P5（SN：2344111）共使用556台次，患者男333例、女223例，平均年龄为49.21岁。计算电子软性输尿管镜与纤维软性输尿管镜在手术中的使用成本。计量资料行独立样本n t检验，计数资料行n χ2检验。n 结果:选择应用URF-V1（SN：2240126）或URF-P5（SN：2344111）进行的泌尿外科经输尿管软镜手术均顺利完成，术中镜体性能稳定，成像效果清晰，医生使用效果满意。对其故障维修原因报告分析中发现，软镜输尿管镜漏水是最常见的故障原因，占所有故障原因的56.5%（26/46），而其中插入通道漏水占69.2%（18/26）。在使用成本方面，URF-V1（SN：2240126）故障8次，平均使用51台次维修1次，每台手术成本约5 020元；URF-P5（SN：2344111）故障15次，平均使用37台次维修1次，每台手术的成本约2 190元。结论:电子软性输尿管镜与纤维软性输尿管镜进行手术均是安全有效的方式，电子软性输尿管镜清晰度高，操作灵活，耐用性好，尤其是针对泌尿肿瘤等活检手术的安全性高；纤维软性输尿管镜的镜体较细，成本较低，可满足泌尿系结石的手术。“,”Objective:To compare and analyze the application of electronic flexible ureteroscope and fiber flexible ureteroscope in urological surgeries, in order to maximize their performance.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the maintenance of 7 Olympus flexible ureteroscopes purchased in the Operating Room, Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2011 to December 2018. At the same time, the efficacies of electronic flexible ureteroscope (URF-V1, SN: 2240126) and fiber flexible ureteroscope (URF-P5, SN: 2344111), which were used by the same doctors at the same time, were retrospectively analyzed in terms of the causes, locations, and times of failures. URF-V1 (SN:2240126) was used for 407 times, including 277 male cases and 130 female cases, with an average age of 48.93 years old; URF-P5 (SN:2344111) was used for 556 times, including 333 male cases and 223 female cases, with an average age of 49.21 years old. The cost of fiber and electronic flexible ureteroscopes in surgeries was calculated. Independent sample n t test was used for the measurement data, and n χ2 test was used for the count data.n Results:The flexible ureteroscopy was successfully performed in urological surgeries using URF-V1 (SN: 2240126) or URF-P5 (SN: 2344111). The intraoperative performance of lens was stable, the imaging effect was clear, and the doctors were satisfied with the effect. In the analysis of the failure maintenance report, it was found that water leakage of flexible ureteroscope was the most common failure reason, accounting for 56.5% (26/46) of all failure reasons, and water leakage of insertion channel accounted for 69.2% (18/26). In terms of surgery cost, URF-V1 (SN: 2240126) failed for 8 times, 1 times of maintenance every 51 times of usage, and the cost of each surgery was about 5 020 Yuan; URF-P5 (SN: 2344111) failed for 15 times, 1 times of maintenance every 37 times of usage, and the cost of each surgery was about 2 190 Yuan.Conclusions:Both electronic and fiber flexible ureteroscopes are safe and effective methods for urinary surgeries. Electronic flexible ureteroscope has high resolution of image quality, easy operation, and good durability, with high safety especially for biopsy operations for urinary tumors. Fiber flexible ureteroscope has a thinner lens and lower cost, which can meet the needs of urinary calculi surgery.