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南京地区早二迭世栖霞组化石丰富、种类繁多,是我国南方发育最为完整的地区之一。栖霞组最早称栖霞石灰岩(李希霍芬、1882年),泛指南京东郊栖霞山附近五通石英砂岩与龙潭煤系之间的一段海相地层,时代为泥盆纪。其后,经李四光和朱森,李四光,黄汲清,陈旭,李毓尧,李捷和朱森等人不断详细研究,才将船山灰岩与孤峰层之间的一套灰岩层确定为栖霞组范围,自下而上划分为臭灰岩、下硅质层、栖霞灰岩(狭义)、上硅质层四部分,并建立四个筵类和三个珊瑚化石带(见下表)。时代相当于早二迭世。
The Early Permian Qixia Formation in Nanjing area is rich in fossils and is one of the most developed regions in southern China. The Qixia Formation is the earliest known Qixia limestone (Li Xifufen, 1882), which refers to a section of marine strata between the Wutong quartz sandstone and the Longtan coal measure near the Qixiashan Mountains in the eastern suburbs of Nanjing. The era was Devonian. Later, Li Siguang and Zhu Sen, Li Siguang, Huang Jiqing, Chen Xu, Li Yuyao, Li Jie and Zhu Sen, who continued to study in detail, set a set of limestone layers between Chuanshan limestone and Gufeng formation as Qixia Group range, bottom-up divided into stinky limestone, siliceous layer, Qixia limestone (narrow sense), the upper siliceous layer of four parts, and the establishment of three feast and three coral fossils (see table below). The age is equivalent to the early two generations.