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目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)孕妇妊娠压力与个人应对方式及心理健康之间的关系。方法将280例GDM孕妇作为病例组,220例正常孕妇作为对照组,采用妊娠压力量表、症状自评量表(SCL-90)及医学应对方式问卷调查,分析三者之间的关系。结果除“人际关系敏感因子”外,病例组孕妇(SCL-90)表各因子平均分、总分高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01);病例组妊娠压力因子“为确保母子健康和安全而引发的压力感”高于对照组(t=5.53,P<0.01);与常模比较,GDM孕妇应对方式因子“回避”和“屈服”维度得分病例组低于对照组(t=12.211与9.537,P<0.01)。GDM孕妇心理健康与妊娠压力之间存在负相关(W=-0.581,P<0.01),与应对方式之间存在正相关(W=0.218,P<0.01)。结论 GDM孕妇比正常孕妇更易出现躯体和心理方面的症状,应给予GDM患者主动、持续、个体化的集关爱与综合干预一体的临床诊治,以提高GDM孕妇的心理健康水平。
Objective To investigate the relationship between gestational stress and individual coping style and mental health in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods Two hundred and seventy pregnant women with GDM were selected as the case group and 220 normal pregnant women as the control group. The relationship between them was analyzed using the questionnaire of pregnancy stress scale, symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) and medical coping style. Results In addition to the “interpersonal sensitivity factor ”, the average score of each factor in the case group pregnant women (SCL-90) table, the total score was higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01); pregnancy group pregnancy stress factor Compared with the norm, GDM pregnant women coping style factor “avoidance ” and “yield ”, compared with the norm, the “stress” caused by maternal and child health and safety was higher than that of the control group The dimension score cases were lower than the control group (t = 12.211 and 9.537, P <0.01). There was a negative correlation between mental health status and pregnancy stress in GDM pregnant women (W = -0.581, P <0.01), and there was a positive correlation between coping style and WDM (W = 0.218, P <0.01). Conclusion GDM pregnant women are more prone to physical and psychological symptoms than normal pregnant women. GDM patients should be given active, continuous and individualized clinical treatment of integrated care and comprehensive intervention so as to improve the mental health of GDM pregnant women.