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[目的]了解海南省流感流行情况,及时发现变异毒株,为流感预防和控制提供科学依据。[方法]收集2004～2006年海南省流感哨点医院监测资料,流感样病例病毒分离与鉴定结果以及暴发疫情调查资料,采用描述流行病学的方法进行分析。[结果]2004～2006年海南省哨点医院门诊病例总数为884039例,监测到流感病例数11760例,占门诊病例总数的1.33%,发病高峰期为4月和5月;发生暴发疫情6起,共发病516人,罹患率5.07%;采集流感病样例咽拭子标本1712份,分离出流感病毒234株,其中H1N1型46株,H3N2型125株,B型63株。分离率13.67%,病毒分离率的高低与流感流行季节高峰一致;引起暴发的流感病毒以H3N2型为主。[结论]海南省一年四季均有流感病例发生,发病高峰在春末夏初季节,各年龄组均有病例发生,但5～14岁年龄段流感病毒分离率最高,学校是发生流感暴发疫情的高危场所。流行毒株为H1N1型、H3N2型和B型交替发生,但以H3N2型为优势毒株。没有发现人感染高致病性禽流感病毒(H5N1)。
[Objective] To understand the prevalence of influenza in Hainan Province and discover the mutants in time, providing a scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza. [Methods] The surveillance data of influenza sentinel hospitals in Hainan Province from 2004 to 2006, the isolation and identification of influenza virus-like viruses and the survey data of outbreaks were collected and analyzed by the method of describing epidemiology. [Results] The total number of outpatients in sentinel hospital in Hainan Province from 2004 to 2006 was 884 039 cases. The number of flu cases detected was 11760, accounting for 1.33% of the total number of outpatient cases. The peak incidence was April and May. Outbreaks occurred in 6 cases , A total of 516 people were attacked and the attack rate was 5.07%. A total of 1712 swab samples of influenza were collected and 234 influenza viruses were isolated, of which 46 strains were H1N1, 125 were H3N2 and 63 were B strains. The isolation rate was 13.67%. The virus isolation rate was consistent with the peak season of influenza epidemic. Influenza virus causing outbreak was mainly H3N2. [Conclusion] The incidence of influenza was found in all the four seasons in Hainan Province. The incidence peak occurred in early spring and early summer in all seasons, but cases were found in all age groups. However, the influenza virus isolation rate was the highest in 5 ~ 14 years old school and flu outbreak was reported in schools High-risk places. The epidemic strains were H1N1, H3N2 and B alternated, but H3N2 was the dominant strain. Human infection with HPAI (H5N1) was not found.