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目的了解武威市2008-2014年手足口病(HFMD)发病及病原学情况,为制定有效的防控策略提供实验室依据。方法对武威市2008-2014年HFMD发病情况进行分析。采集临床诊断患者粪便、肛试子和咽拭子样本,应用RT-PCR检测肠道病毒核酸并分型。采用描述流行病学方法,分类变量资料采用χ~2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果武威市2008-2014年报告HFMD年均发病率和死亡率分别为48.14/10万和0.015/10万,各年报告发病率无明显变化趋势。武威市2008-2014年共送检HFMD样本841份,阳性率43.76%;其中EV71型阳性率18.55%,CoxA16型阳性率16.53%,其他肠道病毒阳性率为8.68%;肠道病毒阳性检出率总体呈上升趋势,不同年份肠道病毒检出阳性率(χ~2=63.624,P=0.000)和肠道病毒型别构成(χ~2=187.849,P=0.000)差异均有统计学意义。肠道病毒阳性检出率由高到低依次为古浪县(81.58%),天祝县(79.33%)、民勤县(60.00%)和凉州区(29.67%),不同地区肠道病毒检出阳性率(χ~2=171.330,P=0.000)和肠道病毒型别构成(χ~2=49.45,P=0.000)差异均有统计学意义。结论武威市手足口病病原主要为EV71和CoxA16,随时间推移CoxA16检出率增加,不同地区病原学型别存在一定的差异。
Objective To understand the incidence and etiology of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Wuwei City from 2008 to 2014 and provide laboratory evidence for effective prevention and control strategies. Methods The incidence of HFMD in Wuwei City during 2008-2014 was analyzed. Collection of clinical diagnostic fecal samples, anal samples and throat swab samples, RT-PCR detection of enterovirus nucleic acid and typing. Using descriptive epidemiological methods, categorical variables were analyzed byχ ~ 2 test, P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The annual incidence and mortality of HFMD in 2008-2014 in Wuwei City were 48.14 / 100000 and 0.015 / 100000, respectively. There was no significant change in the incidence of HFMD in each year. 841 HFMD samples were sent out in Wuwei city from 2008 to 2014, the positive rate was 43.76%. The positive rate of EV71 was 18.55%, the positive rate of CoxA16 was 16.53% and the positive rate of other enterovirus was 8.68%. The positive rate of enterovirus The positive rate of enterovirus in different years (χ ~ 2 = 63.624, P = 0.000) and the type of enterovirus (χ ~ 2 = 187.849, P = 0.000) showed a statistically significant difference . The positive rates of enterovirus positive were Gulang (81.58%), Tianzhu (79.33%), Minqin (60.00%) and Liangzhou (29.67%), The positive rate (χ ~ 2 = 171.330, P = 0.000) and the type composition of enterovirus (χ ~ 2 = 49.45, P = 0.000) showed statistical significance. Conclusions The pathogens of HFMD in Wuwei are mainly EV71 and CoxA16. The detection rate of CoxA16 increases with time, and there are some differences in the etiological types in different areas.