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为了3D打印工程塑料被更合理地使用,通过试验了解3D打印工程塑料的特殊力学性能,并建立其力学模型。首先将3D打印工程塑料根据不同的方向与不同的纤维直径,利用3D打印设备打印出狗骨状试件,然后按照试验标准利用INSTRON 5966材料试验平台对其进行材料拉伸试验。发现其力学性能具有明显的各向异性,在纤维方向具有弹塑性的特点;垂直纤维方向有弹脆性的特点;在垂直纤维方向纤维直径越大则失效应变越大;在纤维方向时,纤维直径等于0.25 mm时屈服强度和极限载荷有着明显的提高,纤维直径等于0.3 mm时破坏位移/应变是最大的。并利用Mazars损伤模型描述了3D打印工程塑料的力学本构模型。最后分析了3D打印工程塑料的特殊力学特性对其使用的特殊要求与运用。
In order to be more rational use of 3D printing engineering plastics, through experiments to understand the special mechanical properties of 3D printing engineering plastics, and to establish its mechanical model. Firstly, the 3D printing engineering plastic is printed according to different directions and different fiber diameters using a 3D printing device to test the dog bone-like test piece, and then the material tensile test is carried out according to the test standard using the INSTRON 5966 material testing platform. It is found that its mechanical properties have obvious anisotropy, elastic-plastic characteristics in the fiber direction, brittleness in the direction of the vertical fiber, failure strain in the direction of the vertical fiber, and failure strain in the direction of the fiber. At 0.25 mm, the yield strength and ultimate load are significantly improved, and the displacement / strain is the largest when the fiber diameter is equal to 0.3 mm. The mechanical constitutive model of 3D printing engineering plastic is described by Mazars damage model. Finally, the special requirements and applications of special mechanical properties of 3D printing engineering plastics for their use are analyzed.