多形性成胶质细胞瘤(GBM)为目前最常见和最具生命威胁的原发性脑肿瘤,其标准疗法为先行外科手术切除,然后进行放疗和替莫唑胺治疗。过去30年中,该疾病的5年生存率不及3%,即使通过外科手术完全切除肿瘤,并辅以最佳治疗手段,患者的长期生存率仍很低。黑素瘤为分布于皮肤表面 Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is by far the most common and life-threatening primary brain tumor. Its standard treatment is first surgical excision followed by radiotherapy and temozolomide. Over the past 30 years, the 5-year survival rate of the disease is less than 3%, and even if the tumor is completely removed by surgery and supplemented by the best treatment, the long-term survival rate of the patient is still very low. Melanoma is distributed on the surface of the skin