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对在北京市门头沟区典型矿产废弃地和裸露公路边坡实施的8种植被恢复技术的效果进行了调查与分析,结果表明:对潭柘寺及妙峰山石灰窑废弃地进行的人工景观修复效果最佳,植被覆盖度达85%以上,美景度达优级,居民满意度最高;付家台公路上边坡绿化笼砖裸岩生态修复技术和黄土台无土碎石边坡创新生态修复技术的植被恢复效果也较好,冲蚀量及入渗速率都有明显的改善,但无土碎石边坡植被恢复中,容器苗修复技术存在着植株成活率较低的问题;百花山景区公路沿线采用客土移栽修复技术植被恢复效果显著,但这种技术对土质及坡度都有较高的要求,具有一定的局限性;植生袋及保育棒修复技术虽然植被盖度较高,但所用植株较低、绿期短,且存在建设成本较高的问题;挂网喷播修复技术具有较大的局限性,在坡角大于50°时,由于土壤冲蚀量大,坡面挂不住土层,所以植株无法正常生长,而在坡角小于50°时,一般无需使用这种技术,因为它的建设成本及维护成本较高。
The results of eight vegetation restoration technologies implemented in typical mineral wasteland and bare roadside slopes of Mentougou District in Beijing were investigated and analyzed. The results show that the artificial landscape restoration effect on the wasteland of Tanlu Temple and Miaofeng Mountain The vegetation coverage reached 85%, the degree of beauty was excellent, and the satisfaction of residents was the highest. Ecological rehabilitation of brick-covered rock and bare rock in slope slope on Fujiatai Highway and innovative ecological restoration technique of loess station without soil-gravel slope Vegetation recovery effect is better, erosion amount and infiltration rate are significantly improved, but in soilless gravel vegetation restoration, the container seedling repair technology has the problem of low plant survival rate; Baihuashan scenic highway along the However, this technique has higher requirements on soil quality and slope, which has some limitations. Although the vegetation cover of the planting bag and the conservation rod is relatively high, the plant used Low, green period is short, and there is a problem of high construction cost; hanging screen spray repair technology has greater limitations, when the slope angle is greater than 50 °, due to a large amount of soil erosion, slope can not hang soil, The Plant growth can not be normal, and in the slope angle is less than 50 °, generally do not need to use this technology because of its high construction costs and maintenance costs.