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针对青海七个泉油田低渗透 (0 .0 0 1～ 0 .0 3μm2 )、水敏、低温 (2 5～ 30℃ )特点 ,研制了两个系列的柴油基压裂液。胶凝剂是烷基结构分别适合催化柴油和原油的两种磷酸酯 (TH和XK) ;交联剂是偏铝酸钠 ,配液时一次加入 ;破胶剂醋酸钠在低温下具有高效率。压裂液由 1.6 %～ 1.7%TH或XK ,0 .4 %～ 0 .5 %交联剂及 0 .7%～ 1.0 %破胶剂组成。配成的冻胶压裂液 30℃时粘度 6 8～ 110mPa·s(某些配方物在 35℃剪切 30min保持粘度 >10 0mPa·s) ,破胶时间 12～ 2 4h ,破胶液粘度 1.8～ 9.0mPa·s,残渣微量 ,滤失系数C3在 1.83× 10 4 ～ 6 .87× 10 4 m min1 2 范围。在七个泉油藏压裂中选用密度 1.5 6g cm3、粒径 0 .4 5～ 0 .90mm的陶粒为支撑剂。介绍了压裂工艺参数。在 2 0 0 1年进行了 14井次的油基压裂施工 ,施工成功率 85 .7% ,有效率 10 0 % ,对比了 4口井的压裂设计参数和实际施工参数。图 1表 3参 3。
Two series of diesel-based fracturing fluids were developed for low permeability (0. 01-0. 03μm2), water-sensitive and low-temperature (25-30 ℃) in Qizuquan Oilfield of Qinghai. The gelling agent is two kinds of phosphate esters (TH and XK) whose alkyl structure is respectively suitable for catalyzing diesel and crude oil; the crosslinking agent is sodium metaaluminate which is added once when dosing; the sodium silicate breaking agent has high efficiency at low temperature . The fracturing fluid consists of 1.6% -1.7% TH or XK, 0.4% -0.5% crosslinker and 0.7% -1.0% breaker. The gelatinized fracturing fluid has the viscosity of 6 8 ~ 110 mPa · s at 30 ° C (the viscosity of some formulations is maintained at 35 ° C for 30 minutes and maintains the viscosity of 10 mPa · s), the breaking time is 12 to 24 hours, the viscosity of the breaking liquid 1.8 ~ 9.0mPa · s, trace residue, and loss coefficient C3 in the range of 1.83 × 10 4 ~ 6 .87 × 10 4 m min 1 2. The ceramsite with density of 1.56g cm3 and particle size of 0.45 ~ 0.90mm was chosen as the proppant in the fracturing of seven springs reservoirs. Fracturing process parameters are introduced. In 2001, 14 wells of oil-based fracturing were constructed, with a construction success rate of 85.7% and an effective rate of 10%. The fracturing design parameters and actual construction parameters of four wells were compared. Figure 1 Table 3 Reference 3.