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本文证明小麦分蘖数 y(包括主茎)是叶龄 x 的指数函数y=10~(bx+c)或 logy=bx+c.上式可称为分蘖函数,其中 b 和 c 是常数,在正常条件下其理论值分别为0.213和-0.588。由于分蘖力可能受播深、播期、密度、水肥条件、土壤温度和透气性等因素的影响,因此在田间条件下小麦的单株茎数 Y 和平均叶龄 X 的关系可以按照分蘖函数的形式用统计方法确定。根据农大139小麦播期不同的6块地(播深为3-6厘米)的资料得出 Y 依 X 的回归方程为log■=0.238X-0.625,r=0.967~(***),d.f.=20(***表示显著性水平为0.1％)。这与上述分蘖函数很接近。小麦叶片的生长速度主要受温度的影响,因此叶龄与从播种时算起的积温成正比。据7块麦田资料(其中包括一块浅播1.5-2.0厘米的麦田)得出叶龄 X 依积温ΣT的回归方程为■=0.0120ΣT-1.22,r=0.988~(***),d.f.=38.根据前述6块正常播深麦田的资料得出单株茎数 Y 依积温ΣT的回归方程为log■=0.00274ΣT-0.898,r=0.973~(***),d.f.=20.上述公式可用以解决小麦栽培中的一些实际问题。
This paper proves that tiller number y (including main stem) of wheat is an exponential function of leaf age x = 10 ~ (bx + c) or logy = bx + c. The above formula can be called a tiller function, where b and c are constants, Under normal conditions its theoretical value is 0.213 and -0.588. Because the tillering force may be affected by factors such as sowing depth, sowing date, density, water and fertilizer conditions, soil temperature and air permeability, the relationship between the number of stems per plant Y and the average leaf age X under field conditions can be determined according to the tillering function Form using statistical methods to determine. According to Nongda 139 sowing date of six different plots (sowing depth of 3-6 cm) of the data obtained Y according to X regression equation log ■ = 0.238X-0.625, r = 0.967 ~ (***), df = 20 (*** indicates a significance level of 0.1%). This is very close to the above tillering function. The growth rate of wheat leaves is mainly affected by temperature, so leaf age is proportional to the accumulated temperature from the moment of planting. According to the data of seven wheat fields (including a field of 1.5-2.0 cm for shallow sowing), the regression equation of leaf temperature X with accumulated temperature ΣT is ■ = 0.0120ΣT-1.22, r = 0.988 ~ (***), df = 38 According to the data of the 6 normal sowing wheat fields, the regression equation of the number of stems per plant Y with log Σ is log ■ = 0.00274ΣT-0.898, r = 0.973 ~ (***) and df = 20. The above formulas are available To solve some practical problems in the cultivation of wheat.