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本文报导的是湘矮A油菜雄性不育系及其杂交组合的细胞学和同工酶的研究结果。湘矮A雄性不育系花药发育受阻时期是在造孢细胞时期;不育系和恢复系各器官的过氧化物酶同工酶谱均有明显差异,尤其以叶片的为最明显;杂种各器官的同工酶谱,常综合双亲的酶谱特征,表现为酶带或酶活互补型;保持系除花蕾以外,其他各器官同工酶谱基本上都和不育系的相同;不育系各器官的可溶性蛋白质的组成与恢复系相应器官的都有差异,杂种各器官的可溶性蛋白质的谱带图上,除了出现双亲蛋白质带的互补和重组现象外;总的趋势倾向于不育系;在油菜种子形成过程中,以开花后10～20天的过氧化物酶同工酶和酯酶同工酶的酶带最多,活性最强。但杂种的酶活性弱于湘油5号的酶活性;杂种种子形成过程中,其体积、鲜重、干重的变化规律与湘油5号的基干一致,但杂种种子的体积和鲜、干重在各个时期的增长量大多数都显著地小干湘油5号种子的增长量。
This paper reports the results of the cytological and isozyme studies on male sterile lines and their crosses in Xiangdai A. The anther development of Hunan dwarf A male sterile line was in the period of sporulation; the peroxidase isozymes of different organs of CMS and restorer lines were significantly different, especially the leaves were the most obvious; The isoenzymes of organs, often combined with the parents of the zymogram characteristics, showing the enzyme band or enzyme activity complement; maintaining Department except flower buds, and other organs isoenzymes basically the same as the sterile line; sterile The components of soluble proteins in different organs were different from those in the corresponding organs of restorer lines. The bands of soluble proteins in different organs of hybrids showed the phenomenon of complementation and recombination of the parent protein bands. The general tendency tended to be the male sterile line During the process of rape seed formation, the enzyme bands of peroxidase isozyme and esterase isozyme were the most active and the strongest ones ten to 20 days after flowering. However, the enzyme activity of hybrids was weaker than that of Xiangyou 5. The changes of volume, fresh weight and dry weight of hybrid seeds were consistent with that of Xiangyou 5, Most of the growth that was emphasized in each period significantly increased the growth of No. 5 seed of Xiangnang Oil.