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目的:探讨在匹配与不匹配两种语义条件下事件相关电位(ERP)N400的变化,分析男性藏-汉双语者汉语事件相关电位N400的特征。方法:研究组为52名以藏语为母语的男性藏-汉双语者,对照组为66名男性汉语者,对两组人群分别进行语义匹配与不匹配条件下事件相关电位N400的检测,并做对比分析。结果:(1)两组被试者对歧义句与非歧义句的按键准确率均在98%以上。在语义匹配与不匹配条件下两组均引出了N400波,且语义不匹配较语义匹配的N400波幅增高、潜伏期延迟,符合经典的N400条件;(2)在语义不匹配条件下,藏-汉双语组较汉语组N400波幅增高、潜伏期延迟,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(3)在语义匹配条件下,藏-汉双语组较汉语组N400波幅差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);潜伏期延迟显著,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:藏-汉双语者识别汉字词的特点及加工不同于汉语母语者,识别汉字词的时间进程长于汉语母语者。在一定程度上支持语义启动效应的有关理论。
Objective: To explore the change of event related potentials (ERP) N400 under the two semantic conditions of matching and unmatching, and to analyze the characteristics of Chinese event - related potentials N400 of male Tibetan - Chinese bilinguals. Methods: The study group consisted of 52 Tibetan-Chinese bilingual native speakers of Tibetan language and 66 male Chinese speakers of the control group. The two groups were respectively tested for the event-related potential N400 under the condition of semantic match and non-match. Do comparative analysis. Results: (1) The accuracy of the keys of both the ambiguous sentences and the non-ambiguous sentences was above 98% in both groups. Under the conditions of semantic match and mismatch, N400 wave was induced in both groups, and the amplitude of semantic mismatch was higher than that of semantic mismatch N400. The incubation period was delayed, which was in line with the classical N400 condition. (2) Under the condition of semantic mismatch, Compared with Chinese group, bilingual group had higher amplitude and latency latency than N400 group (P <0.05); (3) Under semantic matching, there was no significant difference in amplitudes of N400 between Tibetan-Chinese bilingual group and Chinese group (P> 0.05). The latency of latency was significant, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: The Tibetan-Chinese bilinguals recognize Chinese characters differently and process different from native Chinese speakers. The time course of recognizing Chinese characters is longer than that of native Chinese speakers. To a certain extent, support the theory of semantic priming effect.