交际双方在使用语言传递信息时会产生信息差距。利用共有知识是话语理解的一个重要方面。会话双方如果没有共有的知识,那么交际就无法顺利地进行。利用双方所共同享有的知识,可以填补信息空白,达成信息的平衡,实现有效的交际行为。 Communication between the parties in the use of language to convey information will produce information gaps. Using common knowledge is an important aspect of discourse understanding. If both parties to the conversation do not have common knowledge, communication can not proceed smoothly. Using the knowledge shared by both parties can fill the gap of information, achieve the balance of information and achieve effective communication.