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哈尔滨市市场煤的销售价格是五十年代制定的,三十多年未作大的调整,是人们生活必需品中价格最稳定的商品,为稳定市场煤的价格所付出的代价是沉重的,传统的作法是用大量的财政补贴,维持市场煤低廉价格,由此产生的副作用是多方面的。一是产区煤炭出厂价和运输装卸费用不断涨价,使财政对市场煤炭价格补贴数额逐年增加,哈尔滨1980年市场煤销量是153万吨。其中补贴煤的销量是139万吨,补贴煤每吨平均进货单价是22.46元,吨平均运价是5.79元,年财政补贴是1602万元;1988年市场煤销量188.5万吨,其中补贴煤销量同样是139万吨,补贴煤销量未增加的主要原因:①对享受补贴煤的对象做了调整,压缩了补贴煤的销量;②因财政压力太大,对渐增的补贴用煤,只能暂时解决供应价煤。补贴煤每吨平均进货单价39.26元,吨平均运价为12.88元,年财政补贴是3950万元.九年中在补贴煤销量未增加的情况下,市场补贴煤的平均吨进货单价增加了16.80元,平均吨运价增加7.09元,财政补
The sales price of coal in Harbin was formulated in the 1950s. It has not undergone major adjustments for more than 30 years. It is the most stable commodity among people’s daily necessities. The price paid for stabilizing the price of coal in the market is heavy and traditional. The practice is to use a lot of financial subsidies to maintain a low price of coal in the market, and the resulting side effects are many. First, the ex-factory price of coal in production areas and the transportation and handling costs have continued to increase, which has led to an increase in the amount of financial subsidies to the market for coal. Harbin’s coal sales in 1980 were 1.53 million tons. Among them, the sales of subsidized coal is 1.39 million tons, the average purchase price of subsidized coal per ton is 22.46 yuan, the average freight price per ton is 5.79 yuan, and the annual financial subsidies are 16.02 million yuan; in 1988, the coal sales volume was 1.885 million tons, including subsidized coal sales. Similarly, 1.39 million tons, the main reasons for the lack of increase in subsidized coal sales: 1 Adjustments were made to the targets of subsidized coal, which reduced the sales of subsidized coal; 2 Due to too much financial pressure, the use of coal for increasing subsidies could only be Temporarily solve the supply price of coal. The average unit purchase price per ton of subsidized coal is 39.26 yuan, the average freight rate per ton is 12.88 yuan, and the annual financial subsidy is 39.5 million yuan. In the case of no increase in subsidized coal sales in the past nine years, the average unit purchase price per ton of subsidized coal has increased by 16.80. Yuan, an increase of 7.09 yuan in average tons of freight, financial compensation