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近年来,随着大豆进口数量的迅猛增长,国产大豆出现了市场不认可、企业不收购、国储存不下、农民卖豆难、豆农种植热情受挫的局面,寻求解决对策已成为我国焦点问题之一。采用比较分析和主成分回归分析,对山西省2004—2013年大豆种植成本收益情况进行分析。结果表明,与全国相比,山西省平均单位面积产量具有绝对的优势,但山西省大豆种植成本呈持续增长的态势,2013年比2004年增长了163.07%,各构成部分中,人工成本的增加最为明显。主成分回归分析模型表明,提高种子品质,加大农业土地投入,减少农药、人工、间接费用的投入量,可以有效地提高大豆种植净利润。
In recent years, with the rapid growth of soybean imports, domestic soybean has not recognized the market, enterprises do not buy, the state can not save, farmers sell beans, soybean farmers enthusiasm frustrated situation, to find solutions to the problem has become the focus of our country one. The comparative analysis and principal component regression analysis were conducted to analyze the benefit and cost of soybean planting in Shanxi Province from 2004 to 2013. The results showed that compared with the whole country, the average yield per unit area in Shanxi Province had an absolute advantage. However, the planting cost of soybean in Shanxi Province showed a continuous growth trend, increasing by 163.07% over 2013 in 2004. The increase in labor costs among the various components The most obvious. The principal component regression analysis shows that raising the quality of seeds, increasing input of agricultural land, and reducing input of pesticides, manpower and indirect costs can effectively increase the net profit of soybean planting.