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文言文中的“者”字句式,是古代汉语中的固定句式之一,在文中充当一定的句子成分。分清这些句式,有助于提高古文阅读理解能力和鉴赏水平。现将“者”字结构的几种句式介绍如下。一、“名词+者”字句式。相当于“……的(人)”,它构成一个名词性词组。1.北山愚公者。《愚公移山》(译文)北山下有一个叫愚公的人。2.前者呼,后者应。《醉翁亭记》(译文)前面的(人)在呼喊,后面的(人)在答应。
The “Zhe” sentence pattern in classical Chinese is one of the fixed sentence patterns in ancient Chinese. It serves as a certain sentence component in the text. Distinguishing these sentence patterns will help improve the reading comprehension and appreciation of classical Chinese. Several sentence patterns of the word structure of “Zhe” are introduced as follows. First, “noun +” sentence pattern. Equivalent to “(human)”, it constitutes a nominal phrase. 1. Kitayama Fools. “Folk Yugong” (Translation) There is a man named Yugong under the North Mountain. 2. The former calls, the latter should. The (person) in front of the “Drunkard Pavilion” (translated version) is shouting, and the (person) behind is agreeing.