支气管镜检查是呼吸系统疾病的重要诊断方法之一。通过支气管镜可以直接观察气管、支气管的解剖及病理情况,以达到诊断的目的,并可进行必要的治疗。现将其临床应用适应症及其并发症作一简介。一、肺癌纤支镜检查对中央型肺癌的诊断阳性率最高,甚至可高达100％,因为中央型可直接窥视病变,采取活检组织。周围型肺癌直视下不能发现病变,必需作肺活检,阳性率差异很大,国外一般为50～80％,国内为76～90.7％。在电视透视下用双关节刮匙或细胞刷检阳性率可能较高。我们曾对296例肺癌在纤支镜检时作活检刷检及术后痰检,275例阳性,阳性率为92.9％。单项阳性率活检为79.5％,刷检为71.9％.如同时作活检及刷 Bronchoscopy is one of the important diagnostic methods for respiratory diseases. Through bronchoscopy can be directly observed trachea, bronchial anatomy and pathological conditions, in order to achieve the purpose of diagnosis, and can make the necessary treatment. Now its clinical indications and complications of an introduction. First, the bronchofibroscopy check the highest positive rate of diagnosis of central lung cancer, and even up to 100%, because the central type can be directly peep lesions to take biopsy. Surrounding lung cancer can not be found under direct vision lesions, the need for lung biopsy, the positive rate varies widely abroad is generally 50 to 80%, the domestic 76 ~ 90.7%. In the perspective of television with double joint curette or cell brushing positive rate may be higher. We have on 296 cases of lung cancer in biopsy examination for biopsy and postoperative sputum examination, 275 cases were positive, the positive rate was 92.9%. Single positive rate of biopsy was 79.5%, brush test was 71.9% .At the same time for biopsy and brush