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目的探讨人参皂甙(GS)对急性肾衰(ARF)大鼠蓝斑神经元型一氧化氮合酶(nNOS)表达变化的影响。方法选用健康雄性SD大鼠64只,随机分为4组:ARF+生理盐水(NS)组、ARF+GS组、NS+NS组和NS+GS组,每组16只。采用甘油致急性肾衰动物模型,利用整体实验观察ARF大鼠口服GS(12.5 mg/mL)48 h后血清尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cre)和肾皮质匀浆超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的变化;利用免疫组化方法观察蓝斑nNOS免疫反应活性的变化。结果 ARF+NS组血清BUN和Cre水平显著升高(P<0.05),肾小管坏死程度严重,肾皮质匀浆SOD水平显著降低(P<0.05);与ARF+NS组相比,ARF+GS组血清BUN和Cre水平显著下降(P<0.05),肾小管坏死程度明显减轻,肾皮质匀浆SOD水平显著升高(76.60±1.77 vs 43.57±2.09)U/mgprot(P<0.05)。免疫组化实验显示:与NS+NS组相比,ARF+NS组蓝斑nNOS免疫反应阳性神经元数目(24.3±3.77 vs 41.5±3.32)及染色强度平均光密度(0.26±0.07 vs 0.50±0.09)显著降低(P<0.05);与ARF+NS组相比,ARF+GS组蓝斑nNOS免疫反应阳性神经元数目(53.8±4.86 vs 24.3±3.77)显著增多,染色强度平均光密度(0.45±0.07 vs0.26±0.07)显著增强(P<0.05),且高于NS+NS组(P<0.05)。结论口服GS使ARF大鼠的肾功能显著改善,增强肾组织抗氧化损伤的能力,具有肾保护作用。同时使ARF大鼠蓝斑一氧化氮能神经元活性增强。
Objective To investigate the effects of ginsenosides (GS) on the expression of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in locus ceruleus of acute renal failure (ARF) rats. Methods Sixty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: ARF + NS group, ARF + GS group, NS + NS group and NS + GS group, with 16 rats in each group. Acute renal failure model induced by glycerol was used to observe the changes of serum urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cre) and renal cortex homogenate superoxide dismutase (SOD) in ARF rats after oral administration of GS (12.5 mg / mL) ) Changes were observed; Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the changes of nNOS immunoreactivity. Results Compared with ARF + NS group, the levels of BUN and Cre in serum of ARF + NS group were significantly increased (P <0.05), and the degree of renal tubular necrosis was severe and SOD level in renal cortex homogenate was significantly decreased (P <0.05) Serum levels of BUN and Cre were significantly decreased (P <0.05), renal tubular necrosis was significantly reduced, and renal cortical homogenate SOD level was significantly increased (76.60 ± 1.77 vs 43.57 ± 2.09) U / mgprot (P <0.05). The number of nNOS immunoreactive neurons (24.3 ± 3.77 vs 41.5 ± 3.32) and staining intensity average optical density (0.26 ± 0.07 vs 0.50 ± 0.09) in ARF + NS group were significantly higher than those in NS + NS group (P <0.05). Compared with ARF + NS group, the number of nNOS immunoreactive neurons (53.8 ± 4.86 vs 24.3 ± 3.77) in the ARF + GS group was significantly increased (0.45 ± 0.07 vs0.26 ± 0.07) (P <0.05), and higher than NS + NS group (P <0.05). Conclusion Oral administration of GS can significantly improve the kidney function of ARF rats and enhance the ability of renal tissue to resist oxidative damage, which has a renal protective effect. At the same time, the activity of NO in the locus coeruleus of ARF rats increased.