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在一个由供应商和零售商组成的供应链系统中,需求通常与零售商向客户承诺的交货期和产品价格相关,产品价格又与交货期相关。基于此,建立零售商和供应链向客户承诺的交货提前期、产品价格和能力扩张联合决策模型。研究结果表明,与零售商单独决策相比,在供应链一体化决策情形下,如果终端客户为提前期敏感型,零售商向客户承诺的交货提前期越短产品价格越高;如果终端客户为价格敏感型,则其向客户承诺的交货提前期越长产品价格越低;不论是何种类型的客户,随着零售商对交货提前期和产品价格的调整,市场需求都会增加,并要求零售商扩张其能力。为了使供应链利益最优和自身受益,供应商可以通过对零售商的能力扩张进行补贴的方式激励零售商调整其向客户承诺的交货期和产品价格,并进行相应的能力扩张,而产品转移价格越高,供应链通过协调获得的增量利润也越多。
In a supply chain system composed of suppliers and retailers, the demand is usually related to the delivery date and the price of the product the retailer promises to the customer, and the price of the product is related to the delivery time. Based on this, a joint decision-making model of delivery lead time, product price and capacity expansion promised to customers by retailers and supply chains was established. The results show that, compared with retailers’ single decision-making, in the case of integrated supply chain decision-making, if the terminal customer is early-stage sensitive, the shorter the delivery lead time promised by the retailer to the customer is, the higher the product price is. If the terminal customer Is price-sensitive, the longer the lead time of its promised delivery to customers, the lower the product price; no matter what type of customer, as retailers on delivery lead time and product price adjustment, market demand will increase, And require retailers to expand their capabilities. To optimize and benefit the supply chain, the supplier can motivate the retailer to adjust the delivery and product prices promised to the customer and expand the capacity accordingly by subsidizing the retailer’s capacity expansion, and the product The higher the transfer price, the more incremental profit the supply chain can obtain through coordination.