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目前在经济学和规划学领域中,针对城市产业的研究主要集中于宏观层面的产业结构和布局、城市工业用地的划分等,对于具体企业空间特征研究的案例较少,理论基础相对薄弱。本文通过文献查阅、实地调查、地图比较等方法,分析了中国第一汽车集团公司(原第一汽车制造厂)的发展历程,总结出其空间演变特征:企业规模、基地面积持续扩大;企业基地由郊区型过渡到老厂区基地内城型、新厂区基地郊区型,且靠近主要交通干线;从企业基地发展到以基地为依托向城市西南拓展形成汽车产业开发区;从企业办社会过渡到政府办社会、企业生活区变成城市社区等。空间演变特征的影响机制包括政策制度、市场与产业集聚效应、规划等因素。
At present, in the field of economics and planning, the research on urban industries mainly focuses on the industrial structure and layout at the macro level and the division of urban industrial land. There are few studies on the spatial characteristics of specific enterprises and the theoretical basis is relatively weak. This paper analyzes the development course of China FAW Group Corporation (formerly First Automobile Works) through literature review, field survey and map comparison, and concludes the characteristics of its spatial evolution: the scale of the enterprise, the continuous expansion of the base area; the base of the enterprise From the suburban type transition to the old factory base within the city base, the new plant base suburban type, and close to the major transport routes; from base to base to rely on the development of the city southwest to form a motor vehicle development zone; from business to society to the government To do society, business living area into a city community. The mechanism of the spatial evolution features include the policy system, the market and industry agglomeration effects, planning and other factors.