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目的:分析外伤相关黑素瘤的临床病理特点及其与患者预后间的关系。方法:回顾性分析2009—2020年第四军医大学西京皮肤医院87例外伤相关黑素瘤的临床病理特点，通过Mann-Whitney检验分析不同年龄、性别患者间肿瘤Breslow厚度的差异；通过Spearman秩相关分析外伤至发现皮疹的时间与Breslow厚度之间的相关性；采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析和Log-Rank检验法分析黑素瘤临床病理特点与患者预后间的关系；采用Cox回归模型分析影响外伤相关黑素瘤患者生存时间的危险因素。结果:87例外伤相关黑素瘤患者中，男47例（54.02%）、女40例（45.98%），50例（57.47%）由锐伤引起，37例（42.53%）由钝伤引起。31例（35.63%）原发皮损位于手部，48例（55.17%）位于足部。> 55岁组患者原发肿瘤Breslow厚度显著高于≤ 55岁组（n U = 623.500，n P = 0.010），而不同性别患者间差异无统计学意义（n P = 0.138）。外伤至发现皮疹的时间与肿瘤Breslow厚度呈负相关（n r = -0.203，n P = 0.037）。患者年龄、肿瘤Breslow厚度、Ki67增殖指数和肿瘤遗传背景均显著影响外伤相关黑素瘤患者的生存时间（n P 55 years than in the group aged ≤ 55 years ( n U= 623.500, n P= 0.010) , but there was no significant difference between patients of different genders (n P= 0.138) . The time from trauma to the notice of melanoma was negatively correlated with the Breslow thickness of tumors (n r=-0.203, n P= 0.037) . The age of patients, Breslow thickness of tumors, Ki67 proliferation index and genetic background of tumor significantly affect the survival duration of patients with trauma-related melanoma (n P= 0.011, 0.031, 0.002 and 0.031, respectively) ; the gender, type of trauma and ulceration of tumor mass did not significantly affect the survival duration of patients (n P= 0.618, 0.114 and 0.379, respectively) . Cox regression model analysis showed that the Ki67 proliferation index and Breslow thickness were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of trauma-related melanoma (risk ratio [n RR] and 95% confidence interval [n CI] were 1.946 (1.234, 4.217) and 1.839 (1.014, 3.332) , n P= 0.039 and 0.045, respectively) .n Conclusion:The Breslow thickness of trauma-related melanoma is related to the age of patients and time from trauma to the notice of melanoma; the age, Breslow thickness of tumors, Ki67 proliferation index and genetic background of tumor all affect the survival duration of patients with melanoma, and Ki67 proliferation index and Breslow thickness are independent risk factors affecting prognosis.