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目的:了解青岛市出生缺陷发生现状,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法:监测2009年4月1日～2010年3月31日在青岛市有产科的75家医院分娩、孕28周至产后7天内的77 231例围产儿。结果:①出生缺陷发生率为60.34/万,其中发生率最高为106.24/万(李沧),最低为45.33/万(黄岛),不同区域围产儿出生缺陷发生率差异有统计学意义(P=0.01);男性高于女性(P=0.01);城镇高于农村(P=0.00);产妇年龄≥35岁组高于20～岁组及25～岁组(P=0.03、0.04);多胎高于单胎(P=0.00)。②出生缺陷前5位是先天性心脏病、总唇裂、多指(趾)、先天性脑积水(肢体短缩并列)、并指(趾)。③50.86%的缺陷儿能够在产前确诊,诊断依据主要是超声和临床检查确诊。结论:青岛市出生缺陷发生率低于全国及全省水平,但近年有上升趋势。基于青岛市出生缺陷发生特征,各相关部门应制定有针对性的干预措施降低出生缺陷发生率。
Objective: To understand the status quo of birth defects in Qingdao and provide the basis for making interventions. Methods: From April 1, 2009 to March 31, 2010, 77 231 perinatal babies were delivered in 75 hospitals in obstetrics and gynecology in Qingdao from 28 weeks pregnant to 7 days postpartum. Results: ① The incidence of birth defects was 60.34 / million, of which the highest incidence was 106.24 / (Licang) and the lowest was 45.33 / 10000 (Huangdao). There was significant difference in the incidence of birth defects among different regions (P = 0.01); men were higher than women (P = 0.01); towns were higher than those in rural areas (P = 0.00); maternal age was higher than 35 years old and 20-25 years old (P = 0.03,0.04) Higher than singleton (P = 0.00). ② The first five birth defects are congenital heart disease, total cleft lip, multiple fingers (toes), congenital hydrocephalus (limb shortening side by side), and finger (toe). ③50.86% of defective children can be diagnosed prenatal diagnosis is based mainly on ultrasound and clinical examination confirmed. Conclusion: The incidence of birth defects in Qingdao is lower than that of the whole country and the whole province, but there is an upward trend in recent years. Based on the characteristics of birth defects in Qingdao, all relevant departments should formulate targeted interventions to reduce the incidence of birth defects.