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目的探讨巨噬细胞分化在急性心肌梗死后心脏重构中的作用。方法 48只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为心肌梗死组(16只)、假手术组(16只)和治疗组(16只);心肌梗死组和治疗组结扎大鼠左冠状动脉前降支构建心肌梗死模型,假手术组只穿线不结扎,治疗组在结扎术后即刻给予注射巨噬细胞悬液。术后7d,检测半乳糖凝集素-2(galectin-2,Mac-2)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase,i NOS)、精氨酸酶-1(arginase-1,Arg-1)等巨噬细胞分化指标和纤维化面积、肌动蛋白α(alpha sarcomeric Actin,α-SMA)、转化生长因子-β1(transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1)等心脏重塑指标。结果造模术后7d,心肌梗死组及治疗组Mac-2、i NOS、Arg-1分别为(8.10±1.22)%、(10.06±2.03)%、(12.36±3.10)%和(9.12±1.12)%、(11.04±2.01)%、(13.35±2.80)%,均显著高于假手术组(0.41±0.12)%、(0.21±0.07)%、(0.33±0.12)%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗组心脏重塑指标纤维化面积、α-SMA、TGF-β1分别为(5.11±1.83)%、(9.06±1.32)%、8.32±1.1,显著高于心肌梗死组(1.81±0.30)%、(3.25±0.07)%、1.35±0.22,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),也显著高于假手术组(0.12±0.13)%、(1.01±0.12)%、0.21±0.10(P<0.01)。结论心肌梗死后,发生炎症反应,巨噬细胞分化逐渐增多,可促进成纤维细胞形成,促进心脏重构。
Objective To investigate the role of macrophage differentiation in cardiac remodeling after acute myocardial infarction. Methods Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: myocardial infarction group (16), sham operation group (16) and treatment group (16). Myocardial infarction group and treatment group were ligated with left anterior descending coronary artery In the infarct model, the sham-operated group was only threaded and not ligated. The treatment group was injected with macrophage suspension immediately after ligation. Seven days after operation, galectin-2 (Mac-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), arginase-1 -1) and macrophage differentiation indexes such as fibrosis, alpha sarcomeric actin (α-SMA), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and other cardiac remodeling indicators. Results The levels of Mac-2, iNOS and Arg-1 in myocardial infarction group and treatment group were (8.10 ± 1.22)%, (10.06 ± 2.03)%, (12.36 ± 3.10)% and (9.12 ± 1.12 ), (11.04 ± 2.01)%, (13.35 ± 2.80)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in sham-operated group (0.41 ± 0.12)%, (P <0.01). The area of fibrosis, α-SMA and TGF-β1 in the cardiac remodeling index group were (5.11 ± 1.83)%, (9.06 ± 1.32)% and 8.32 ± 1.1 1.81 ± 0.30%, 3.25 ± 0.07% and 1.35 ± 0.22, respectively (P <0.01), but also significantly higher than those in sham group (0.12 ± 0.13)%, (1.01 ± 0.12)% and 0.21 ± 0.10 (P <0.01). Conclusion Inflammatory reaction occurs after myocardial infarction, macrophage differentiation gradually increased, can promote the formation of fibroblasts and promote cardiac remodeling.