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行政性收费是指国家行政机关或国家授权行使行政管理职能的单位,在实施社会、经济、技术和自然资源的管理或监督过程中,依照国家法律、法规、规章和政策规定,向特定行政管理相对人收取的费用。按社会治理负外部效应的所需成本来核定行政收费,可以有效地修正社会成本与微观成本的差距,从利益机制上约束其自觉地减少负外部效应的产生;可将个体对公共资源的消费转化为其成本,避免或抑制公共资源消费领域的过度消费、浪费或者过分拥挤现象,提高公共资源的配置效益;可避免“免费相送”产生的显失公平后果,有利于保障社会公众利益;可以获得较为稳定的公共收入来源,从而在一定程度上确保相应的公共产品稳定供应。
Administrative charges refer to the units authorized by the state administrative agencies or the state to exercise their functions of administrative management. They shall, in the course of the administration or supervision of social, economic, technological and natural resources, and in accordance with the laws, regulations, rules and policies of the state, Relative fee charged. According to the required cost of negative externalities of social governance, the administrative fees and charges can be validated, the gap between social costs and micro costs can be effectively amended, and the interest mechanism can be restrained to reduce the negative external effects consciously. Individuals’ consumption of public resources To avoid or inhibit excessive consumption, waste or overcrowding in the field of public resources consumption and improve the allocation efficiency of public resources; to avoid the obvious and unfair consequences resulting from the “free delivery”, and to help protect the public Benefits; access to a more stable source of public revenue, thus to a certain extent, ensure the stable supply of the corresponding public goods.