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以生产上应用的耐湿性存在差异的3个甘蓝型油菜品种为对照,采用盆栽模拟湿害胁迫的方法,对15份源自甘蓝型油菜与蔊菜属间杂交获得的遗传稳定的创新种质进行苗期耐湿性鉴定和综合评价。结果显示:(1)湿害抑制根系生长,导致植株变矮,叶片发黄,生物量降低,湿害对根系影响最为严重,其次是植株总生物量积累和地上部分的生长。(2)通过主成分分析和隶属函数法,将全展叶数、绿叶率、苗高、根长、地上部分鲜重、根鲜重、植株总鲜重、地上部分干重、根干重和植株总干重等10个性状指标值转化成单一的综合评价值(D值),客观、科学、准确地对参试的18份材料进行了综合评价,为甘蓝型油菜苗期耐湿性评价提供了方法参考。(3)15份创新种质除绿叶率外的9个测定指标的耐湿性系数均高于对照品种,耐湿性综合评价结果显示,15份创新种质的D值均高于渝黄2号,13份创新种质的D值高于综合抗耐性俱佳的中油821,3份创新种质的D值高于高耐湿品种中双9号,聚类得到的高耐湿类群的7份材料中创新种质占6份(85.71%)。可见,创新种质的耐湿性平均要优于对照品种,说明通过远缘杂交获得的创新种质对甘蓝型油菜的耐湿性有了较为明显的改良和提高。
In this study, three varieties of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) with different moisture tolerances were used as controls. Fifteen germplasms of Brassica napus Seedling moisture resistance identification and comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that: (1) Moisture inhibited root growth, resulting in shorter plants, yellow leaves, lower biomass, and the worst impact of wet injury on the roots, followed by total plant biomass accumulation and shoot growth. (2) By principal component analysis and membership function, the total leaf number, green leaf rate, seedling height, root length, aboveground fresh weight, fresh weight, total fresh weight, aboveground dry weight, Total dry weight and other 10 traits index value into a single comprehensive evaluation value (D value), objectively, scientifically and accurately conducted a comprehensive evaluation of 18 materials tested for rapeseed rapeseed moisture resistance evaluation provided The method reference. (3) The moisture resistance coefficients of 15 tested germplasms except for green leaf rate were higher than those of the control. The comprehensive evaluation of moisture resistance showed that the D values of 15 germplasm were higher than that of Yuhuang 2, The D value of 13 germplasm of innovative germplasm was higher than that of CNPC 821 which had superb comprehensive resistance. The D value of 3 germplasm of innovative germplasm was higher than that of 7 germplasm materials of high moisture tolerant variety Shuang 9 Germplasm accounted for 6 (85.71%). It can be seen that the moisture resistance of innovative germplasms is superior to that of the control breeds on average, indicating that the innovative germplasm obtained by distant hybridization has obviously improved and improved the moisture resistance of Brassica napus.