1、不公正将鼓励人们不进行“生产性努力”而进行“分配性努力”,由此妨碍经济效率。著名制度经济学家诺斯曾区别了到底哪种制度能促进经济增长,哪种制度会妨碍经济增长。在此他使用了“生产性努力”与“分配性努力”两个概念。他认为,人们认为社会不公平,其实是觉得他们每增加 1, injustice will encourage people to “distributive efforts” without “productive efforts,” thus hampering economic efficiency. The famous institutional economist North has to distinguish between what kind of system can promote economic growth, which kind of system will hinder economic growth. Here he uses the concepts of “productive effort” and “distributive effort.” He believes that people think that social injustice, in fact, is that they each increase