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目的比较东洞庭湖有螺洲滩和钉螺自然消亡洲滩的各环境因素的差别,探究洲滩钉螺自然消亡的原因。方法选取东洞庭湖地理位置较近的有螺洲滩(君山公园)和钉螺自然消亡洲滩(钱粮湖)各1块,20 m×20 m网格设置检测点,对各检测点进行钉螺调查和钉螺死活鉴定,同时测量检测点的高程、土壤含水量、pH和温度。结果钱粮湖钉螺自然消亡洲滩的高程、土壤pH和温度均小于君山公园有螺洲滩(P<0.01);君山公园有螺洲滩不同活螺密度的高程、土壤水分含量、pH和温度均有统计学差异(P<0.05),其中无螺组的土壤中水分含量和pH高于其他有螺组(P<0.01),活螺密度为1~12只/0.1 m2的土壤水分含量低于其余4组(P<0.01),其高程也低于活螺密度为25~39只/0.1 m2和>39只/0.1 m2的滩地(P<0.01),无螺组的土壤pH高于其他有螺组(P<0.01),活螺密度1~12只/0.1 m2的土壤温度低于25~39只/0.1 m2的温度(P<0.05);有螺洲滩不同死螺密度组的水分含量和高程差异没有意义(P>0.05),但土壤pH和温度具有显著差异(P<0.05),无钉螺死亡组的土壤pH高于死亡2只、3只和3只以上的组(P<0.05),无钉螺死亡组土壤温度高于其余有钉螺死亡组(P<0.05)。结论在东洞庭湖,洲滩的高程、土壤含水量、pH值和温度可能是影响钉螺分布的因素,而高程、土壤pH和温度则可能是影响钉螺自然消亡的因素之一。
Objective To compare the differences of the environmental factors in the natural desertion of Lo Tuan Beach and Snail in East Dongting Lake, and to explore the reasons for the natural extinction of the snail in Ban Beach. Methods One geoengineering site (Junshan Park) and one natural disintegration bank (Qianlihu Lake) with a relatively close geographical position in Dongting Lake were selected, and 20 m × 20 m grids were set up to detect snails at each test site And snail death identification, at the same time measuring the elevation of test sites, soil moisture, pH and temperature. Results The height of Snail bank of Qiangliang Lake naturally disappeared. The soil pH and temperature were less than that of Junshan Park (P <0.01). The elevation of different live spiral density, soil water content, pH and temperature in Junshan Park (P <0.05). The soil water content and pH of the non-boll group were higher than those of other conch groups (P <0.01), and the soil moisture content of 1-12 spores / 0.1 m2 was lower than The remaining four groups (P <0.01) also had lower elevations than those with densities of 25-39 /0.1 m2 and> 39 /0.1 m2 (P <0.01) (P <0.01). The soil temperature of live lobe density of 1 ~ 12 /0.1 m2 was lower than the temperature of 25 ~ 39 /0.1 m2 (P <0.05) (P <0.05), but there was a significant difference in soil pH and temperature (P <0.05). The soil pH of death-free snails was higher than that of two deaths, three deaths and three deaths (P <0.05) ), And the soil temperature in death-free snails was higher than that in other death-bearing snails (P <0.05). Conclusion Elevation, soil water content, pH value and temperature in Chaotanghu beach in East Dongting Lake may be the factors affecting snail distribution. Elevation, soil pH and temperature may be one of the factors that may affect natural snail death.