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We use an unbalanced panel data analysis to examine the effect of political connections (PCs) in state-owned enterprises (SOE) and non-SOEs on the innovation of Chinese environmentally polluting enterprises listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2007 to 2016.Our sample consists of 792 firms and 4587 firm-year observations.There are several interesting findings.First,SOEs that are politically linked to the central govment promote more innovation in general and more environmental innovation than SOEs without these links.Second,privately-owned enterprises (non-SOEs) with PCs promote less environmental innovation than non-SOEs without PCs.Third,environmental regulation does not affect the environmental innovation of SOEs but it drives non-SOEs with PCs to become more environmentally innovative.Our results enable us to better understand how PCs and regulations affect environmental innovation.