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目的了解男性不同吸烟暴露下体质指数(body mass index,BMI)与血压的关系,为预防男性吸烟人群血压的增长提供科学依据。方法采用整群二阶段抽样方法选择广西贵港10个社区的310名(22.6~92.9)岁男性居民,并进行问卷调查及体格检查。结果多元线性回归分析显示,对于非吸烟者BMI与收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)均存在正向线性趋势(t1=2.58,P1=0.011;t2=3.21,P2=0.002),BMI百分位数四等分最高与最低相比,SBP和DBP分别增加9.7 mm Hg(95%CI:0.3~19.1)和6.2(95%CI:0.9~11.4)。吸烟指数为0~26包年时,BMI仅与DBP存在正向线性趋势(t=3.19,P趋势=0.002),其最高等分与最低等分比,DBP增高6.6 mm Hg(95%CI:1.4~11.9)。吸烟指数为26.5~111.6包年时,BMI则仅与SBP存在正向线性趋势(t=2.13,P趋势=0.036),其最高等分与最低等分比,SBP增高13.1 mm Hg(95%CI:0.2~26.0)。结论吸烟累积暴露可能使BMI对血压的影响存在差异性,低位吸烟指数时DBP增加,而高位吸烟指数时SBP上升。
Objective To understand the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure in men exposed to different smoking, and to provide a scientific basis for preventing the increase of blood pressure in male smokers. Methods A total of 310 male (22.6-92.9) -year-old men from 10 communities in Guigang, Guangxi were selected by the cluster sampling method. Questionnaires and physical examinations were performed. Results Multiple linear regression analysis showed that there was a positive linear trend for BMI and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in nonsmokers (t1 = 2.58, P1 = 0.011; , P2 = 0.002). The SBP and DBP increased by 9.7 mm Hg (95% CI: 0.3-19.1) and 6.2 (95% CI: 0.9-11.4), respectively, for the highest and lowest quartiles of BMI percentiles. There was a positive linear trend between BMI and DBP (t = 3.19, P trend = 0.002), with the highest and lowest decile ratios of BMI and 6.6 mm Hg (95% CI: 1.4 ~ 11.9). The smoking index was between 26.5 and 111.6 years old, BMI had a positive linear trend only with SBP (t = 2.13, P trend = 0.036), with the highest and lowest decile ratio, SBP increased by 13.1 mm Hg (95% CI : 0.2 ~ 26.0). Conclusion The cumulative exposure to smoking may have different effects on BMI on blood pressure. DBP increases at low smoking index, while SBP increases at high smoking index.