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以国家实施林权制度改革以来的2003~2014年为研究时段,在测算中国各省份林业生产效率的基础上,综合运用ESDA技术、基尼系数等方法分析其时空差异,并构建计量经济模型研究林业生产效率变化的影响因素。结果表明:1)中国林业生产效率逐年上升,但总体仍然偏低,高效率省份上升幅度较小,低效率省份增长幅度较大。2)林业生产效率的空间差异明显,且呈缩小态势。高效率省份集中于经济发展水平较高的中部和东南沿海一带,低效率省份则主要分布于我国西北地区。3)人均GDP、林业系统职工收入、林业工作者素质、病虫鼠害发生率对林业生产效率的影响显著。应采取差别化林业发展政策,通过提升从业者素质、增加职工收入、降低病虫鼠害发生率等手段提升我国林业生产效率。
Based on the measurement of the forestry production efficiency of all the provinces in China from 2003 to 2014 after the implementation of the forest tenure reform, the methods of ESDA and Gini coefficient were used to analyze the spatial and temporal differences and to establish a econometric model to study forestry Influencing Factors of Production Efficiency Change. The results showed that: 1) The efficiency of forestry in China increased year by year, but the overall rate was still low, the rate of increase in the province with high efficiency was small, and the rate of increase in the area with low efficiency was larger. 2) The spatial difference of forestry production efficiency is obvious, and it shows a narrowing trend. High-efficiency provinces are concentrated in the central and southeastern coastal areas with a high level of economic development, while low-efficiency provinces are mainly distributed in the northwest of China. 3) The per capita GDP, the income of forestry workers, the quality of forestry workers and the incidence of pest and disease have significant effects on the forestry production efficiency. Differentiated forestry development policies should be taken to improve the efficiency of forestry production in our country by means of improving the quality of practitioners, increasing the income of workers and the incidence of pests and diseases.