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目的:探讨多层螺旋CT对肺静脉孔径线及静脉鞍厚度的测量方法,分析肺静脉与左房连接变异的类型。方法:收集103例影像资料,在血管内窥镜(VIE)图像上观察肺静脉开口情况,测量长短径及静脉鞍厚度,计算肺静脉孔指数,测量左房体积。结果:标准4支肺静脉81例(78.6%),上肺静脉孔>下肺静脉孔,右上肺静脉孔>左上肺静脉孔,右下肺静脉孔>左下肺静脉孔;右肺静脉孔指数>左肺静脉孔,右下肺静脉孔指数>右上肺静脉孔,左上、下肺静脉孔指数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2侧静脉鞍厚度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);男性肺静脉孔较女性大,男女性肺静脉孔指数和静脉鞍厚度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05;P>0.05)。左上肺静脉孔短径、右上肺静脉孔指数在≥70岁组与50～59岁组间,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05;P<0.05)。肺静脉孔径与左房体积有一定正相关性(P<0.05)。结论:多层螺旋CT仿真血管内窥镜能直接对肺静脉孔进行形态学观察,明确肺静脉开口有无变异,并能对肺静脉孔及静脉鞍进行测量,提供解剖信息。
Objective: To investigate the method of measuring the diameter of pulmonary veins and the thickness of venous saddle by multislice spiral CT, and to analyze the types of connection between pulmonary veins and left atrium. Methods: The data of 103 cases were collected and the opening of pulmonary veins were observed on VIE images. The length, short diameter and thickness of venous saddle were measured. The pulmonary venous porosity index was calculated and the left atrium volume was measured. Results: The standard four pulmonary veins in 81 cases (78.6%), the upper pulmonary vein hole> the lower pulmonary vein hole, the right upper pulmonary vein hole> the left upper pulmonary vein hole, the right lower pulmonary vein hole> the left lower pulmonary vein hole; the right pulmonary vein hole index> the left pulmonary vein hole, (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in the thickness of the lateral venous septum between the two groups (P> 0.05). The diameter of the pulmonary veins in the male was larger than that in the females The difference between the index of the hole and the thickness of the venous saddle was not statistically significant (P> 0.05; P> 0.05). The diameter of the left superior pulmonary veins, the diameter of the right upper pulmonary veins in the group of ≥70 years old and the age of 50-59 were significantly different (P <0.05; P <0.05). Pulmonary vein diameter and left atrium volume have a certain positive correlation (P <0.05). Conclusion: MSCT can directly observe the morphology of pulmonary veins and determine the presence or absence of variability in the opening of pulmonary veins. It can also measure the pulmonary veins and venous saddle to provide anatomic information.