论文部分内容阅读
虽然几经指出根系的形态和生理性状存在着遗传差异,但对其遗传模式缺乏了解,因而限制了在育种中的应用.谷物根系由种子根和不定根组成.根系对地上部生长的重要性,似乎主要取决于株间竞争程度.密植条件下,会明显降低不定根比重而提高种子根的重要性.种子根性状的遗传力大于不定根的.因此,种子根更适合作物育种的选择指标.实践证明,在选择中采用根系标准有利于抗旱性育种.在砂壤上燕麦和大麦种子根发育愈好产量就愈稳.看来根系长、深且分布广,特别在特殊土层中根系较长而密,是低投入品种之显著特点.为了探明地上部和根系性状的最佳组合,需要更进一步研究,解决大量的方法问题.
Although several morphological and physiological traits have been identified as genetic differences in root systems, their lack of understanding of their genetic patterns has limited their use in breeding. The root system of cereals consists of seed and adventitious roots. The importance of the root system to shoot growth seems to be Mainly depends on the degree of competition between strains.Under the condition of close planting, it will significantly reduce the proportion of adventitious roots and improve the importance of seed-roots.The heritability of seed-root traits is greater than that of adventitious roots.Therefore, seed-root is more suitable for crop breeding selection indicators.Practice has proved that, Root standard selection in favor of drought-resistant breeding on the sandy soil oats and barley seed root development is better, the more stable output.It seems that the root system is long and deep and widely distributed, especially in special soil layers of long and dense , Is a notable feature of low-input varieties.In order to identify the best combination of above-ground and root traits, further research is needed to address a number of methodological issues.