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目的探析早期不同喂养方式对危重新生儿胃肠功能的影响。方法在2014年7月-2016年12月收治的危重新生儿中选出92例,随机分为对照组和观察组各46例,对照组新生儿早期给予按需喂养,观察组新生儿早期给予微量喂养,对比两组新生儿的喂养不耐受率、黄疸发生率、胃肠功能损害发生率等。结果观察组新生儿的喂养不耐受率为4.35%、黄疸发生率为6.52%、胃肠功能损害发生率为2.17%,均低于对照组的17.89%、21.74%、15.22%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组新生儿出生7 d时血浆胃动素水平以及60 min胃排空率显著高于对照组,且胃食管反流指数低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);观察组新生儿的住院时间则比对照组短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论早期微量喂养有助于提高危重新生儿的喂养耐受力,以缓慢加奶方式逐渐过渡到全奶,促进胃肠功能的成熟,避免相关并发症发生,值得推广。
Objective To investigate the effect of different early feeding modes on the gastrointestinal function of critically ill newborn infants. Methods 92 cases of critically ill newborn infants admitted from July 2014 to December 2016 were randomly divided into control group and observation group, 46 cases in each group. In the control group, the newborns were given on - demand early and the neonates in the observation group were given early Micro-feeding, compared two groups of newborns feeding intolerance rate, the incidence of jaundice, the incidence of gastrointestinal function damage. Results Infected rate of infants in observation group was 4.35%, jaundice rate was 6.52%, gastrointestinal function impairment rate was 2.17%, which were all lower than that of control group (17.89%, 21.74%, 15.22%) (P <0.05). The level of plasma motilin and the rate of gastric emptying 60 min after birth in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group at 7 d, and the index of gastroesophageal reflux was lower than that of control group (P <0.01). The length of hospital stay in observation group was shorter than that in control group (P <0.01). Conclusion Early micronutrient feeding can help to improve the feeding tolerance of critically ill newborn infants, gradually transition to whole milk with slow feeding of milk, promote the maturation of gastrointestinal function and avoid the occurrence of complications, which is worthy of popularization.