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[目的]分析昆明市农村居民心血管疾病的患病现状及影响因素。[方法]采用PPS抽样方法在昆明市石林县对6006名45岁以上村民通过问卷调查和体格检查获取心血管疾病的患病资料;并应用二分类Logistic模型分析影响心血管疾病患病的因素。[结果]该地村民高血压、脑卒中和心脏病的患病率分别为30.8%、1.7%和0.7%,男性的高血压和心脏病患病率均高于女性(P﹤0.05)。在影响高血压患病的因素中,年龄越大者、家庭收入水平越低者、吸烟者、超重者、患有糖尿病者、有家族高血压史和脑卒中史者患高血压的可能性越大(OR值分别为1.05、0.90、1.24、2.39、2.67、2.06和3.20;95%CI分别为1.04～1.06、0.85～0.94、1.07～1.44、2.00～2.84、1.42～5.01、1.05～4.05和1.96～5.23)。在影响脑卒中患病的因素中,年龄越大者、超重者和有家族脑卒中史者患脑卒中的可能性越大(OR值分别为1.07、1.12和5.03;95%CI分别为1.04～1.09、1.07～2.68、和1.16～21.8)。在影响心脏病患病的因素中,年龄越大者、超重者和有家族高血压史者患心脏病的可能性越大(OR值分别为1.05、1.99和3.82;95%CI分别为1.03～1.07、1.20～3.31和1.87～7.79)。[结论]加强农村居民戒烟、合理饮食的健康教育,减少超重和糖尿病的发生有助于降低心血管疾病的发生。
[Objective] To analyze the prevalence and influential factors of cardiovascular diseases in rural residents in Kunming. [Method] The PPS sampling method was used to get the prevalence data of cardiovascular disease in 6006 villagers aged over 45 in Shilin County, Kunming by questionnaire and physical examination. The binary logistic model was used to analyze the factors affecting the prevalence of cardiovascular disease. [Results] The prevalence rates of hypertension, stroke and heart disease were 30.8%, 1.7% and 0.7% respectively in the villagers. The prevalence of hypertension and heart disease in males was higher than that in females (P <0.05). In the factors that affect the prevalence of hypertension, the older, the lower the family income level, smokers, overweight, those with diabetes, family history of hypertension and stroke history, the possibility of suffering from hypertension (OR values 1.05, 0.90, 1.24, 2.39, 2.67, 2.06 and 3.20, respectively; 95% CI 1.04-1.06, 0.85-0.94, 1.07-1.44, 2.00-2.84, 1.42-5.01, 1.05-4.05 and 1.96 ~ 5.23). Among the factors influencing the prevalence of stroke, those older, those with overweight and those with family history of stroke were more likely to have a stroke (odds ratios 1.07, 1.12 and 5.03, respectively; 95% CI 1.04 ~ 1.09, 1.07 ~ 2.68, and 1.16 ~ 21.8). Among the factors influencing the prevalence of heart disease, those older, overweight and those with family history of hypertension were more likely to have heart disease (odds ratios 1.05, 1.99 and 3.82, respectively; 95% CI 1.03 ~ 1.07, 1.20-3.31 and 1.87-7.79). [Conclusion] Strengthening rural residents’ health education of smoking cessation and reasonable diet and reducing the incidence of overweight and diabetes help to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases.