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在资本主义经济长期波动的理论中,马克思主义和新熊彼特派分别构成了两类各具特色、具有明显互补性质的派别。在马克思主义一派中,又有曼德尔、调节学派、SSA学派的理论。后两种理论试图把资本主义经济的一般运动规律与具体历史相结合,发展一种中间层次的制度分析,并为此做出了重要贡献。本文检讨了SSA学派和调节学派的理论,在强调其功绩的同时,也力图指出其方法论上的局限。并从技术、经济、制度协同演化的角度,对以佩蕾丝为代表的新熊彼特派理论和马克思主义理论进行了比较,探讨了建立一种新综合的可能性。
In the theory of long-term fluctuations in the capitalist economy, Marxism and the Neo-Schumpeterian faction respectively constitute two types of distinctive and obviously complementary schools. In the Marxist school, there are Mandel, the school of adjustment, the theory of the SSA school. The latter two theories try to combine the general laws of movement of the capitalist economy with the specific history and develop an intermediate institutional analysis, and make important contributions to this. This paper reviews the theories of the SSA school and the school of adjustment, while emphasizing their merit, but also attempts to point out its methodological limitations. And from the perspective of the co-evolution of technology, economy and system, this paper compares the Neo-Schumpeterian theory represented by Perle and Marxism, and explores the possibility of establishing a new synthesis.